Isolation and Identification of Bacteria from Military Firing Range for Microremediation of Soil Contaminated with Heavy Metals and Explosive Compounds

A.I. Alhaji, Ashiru M. Dantata, Y Magaji

Abstract


Bioremediation is a method that employs diverse agents such as bacteria, fungus, algae, and higher plants to remediate heavy metals and explosive compounds in the environment. The goal of this study is to isolate and identify microorganisms that can bioremediate soil contaminated with heavy metals and explosive compounds, in the Military Firing Range, Kachia, Kaduna State. Standard methods involving microbiological, biochemical and molecular analysis of the 16s rRNA genes were employed in identifying bacteria isolated from the contaminated sites. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) searches of NCBI databases confirmed the presence of Lysinibacillus, Escherichia coli, Achromobacter spp, Enterobacter sp, and Bacillus subtilis. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis were carried out using the MEGA version 11.0 Software. The mixed bacterial consortium observed high bioremediation potential (68.62%) compared to a single isolate whose bioremediation potential observed in decreasing order were Bacillus subtillis (55.1%), Enterobacter spp (54.80%), E. coli (54.1%), Arcobacter spp. (43%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (42.7%), Lysinibacillus (37.8%) and Achromobacter spp (31.5%). The result obtained shows that the bacteria isolated from munitions-contaminated areas were found to possess bioremediation capability against heavy metals and explosive compounds; trinitrotoluene (TNT), royal demolition explosive (RDX), and high melting explosive (HMX) from the military firing range contaminated soil.

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