Ezeship in Igbo land: Monarchical institutions or a distortion of traditional Igbo political structure?

Abstract

This study explores the complex interplay between traditional Igbo societal structures and British imposed systems of governance, specifically focusing on the Ezeship institution. It examines how pre-colonial Igbo governance, characterized by republicanism and decentralized systems, clashed with the imposition of monarchical and oligarchic structures through colonialism and subsequent developments. The study analyzes the conflicts arising from the introduction of the Warrant Chiefdom, particularly its recognition criteria, and its impact on community development and social harmony, especially in central Igbo society of Imo, Abia, and some part of Anambra. The method adopted was historical narrative, with thematic and qualitative analytic approach, using relevant literature, oral interviews and observations as sources of data collection. Findings reveal systematic bastardization of Igbo ezeship institution as a result of successive governments’ absolute control of traditional rulers through their appointment and endorsement by way of giving them “Staff of Office”, which signifies government official recognition and control. The government makes or mars the institution, they remain largely unaccountable to their people. The study however offers axiological solutions to the waning role of traditional rulers in Igboland. The study concludes that despite thestate of traditional ezeship, the institution remains indispensable in community stability, development and local governance.